This article is draft guide content and should be reviewed before publishing.
When submitting a foreign-language document to an official institution, the two terms you will meet most often are sworn translation and notarised translation. They are related, but not the same.
Sworn translation
A sworn translation is made by a translator who has taken an oath before a notary, recorded in an oath record. The translator's stamp and signature are added beneath the translation, declaring that it is faithful to the original.
Notarised translation
With notarisation, the notary office where the translator's oath is registered certifies the translator's signature. Notary fees and charges are paid separately at this stage.
Which one do you need?
The receiving institution decides. Consulates, universities and some public authorities may require notarisation, while for some applications a sworn translation is enough.
| Sworn translation | Notarised translation | |
|---|---|---|
| Who does it? | A translator sworn in at a notary office | The sworn translator translates, the notary certifies |
| What is on the document? | The translator's stamp and signature | The translator's stamp and signature plus the notary's certification |
| Extra cost | No notary fee | Notary fees and charges are paid separately |
| When is it required? | May be enough for some applications | Consulates, universities and some public authorities may require it |
- Check the current document list of the institution you are applying to.
- Ask whether documents used abroad also need an apostille.
- If unsure, choose "Not sure" in the quote request.
This article is for general information only and is not legal advice. Confirm current requirements with the institution receiving your document.